Brake Caliper Pistonsįloating calipers may have one or more pistons, while fixed calipers usually have multiple pistons. This will cause a corresponding drop in the fluid level in the master cylinder reservoir. With both types of calipers, the pistons will move further and further out in their bores as the pads wear. This type of design requires pistons on both sides of the rotor to apply the pads.
When the pedal is released, the calipers slide out slightly as the pads are kicked away and retract from the rotors.įixed calipers, by comparison, are rigidly mounted over the rotor and do not slide or move when the brakes are applied. This forces the calipers to slide inward slightly and pull the outer pads up against the rotor to apply the brake. When the brakes are applied on a vehicle with floating calipers, the pistons move outward and push the inner pads against the rotor. Floating calipers typically have a single piston located on the inboard side of the caliper. If a piston sticks, the brakes will drag.įloating calipers (also called sliding calipers) are mounted on slides or bushings that allow the caliper to move in and out sideways when the brakes are applied and released. When the brakes are released, the piston seals retract the pistons, allowing the rotor runout to kick the pads away from the rotors. This eliminates the need for return springs that are necessary in drum brakes.Īpplying the brakes causes the calipers to squeeze the pads against the rotors. This helps retract the pistons slightly,allowing the pads to kick back away from the rotors. Square cut seals around the caliper pistons deform when the pistons move, so when pressure is released the seals want to return back to their original shape. When the brake pedal is released, hydraulic pressure drops and the calipers loosen their grip. Fluid pressure inside the caliper pushes one or more pistons outward to apply the brake. Hydraulic pressure generated by the driver's foot pressing on the brake pedal goes from the master cylinder to each brake caliper. The caliper is the part of a disc brake that squeezes the pads against both side of the rotor when the brake is applied. High mileage calipers should also be rebuilt or replaced when you service your brakes to make sure they remain trouble-free for many miles to come. Replacing your calipers is usually the best course of action because it is faster, easier and more reliable than attempting to rebuild an old caliper. If you are having a brake caliper problem, you will have to rebuild or replace your calipers. Auto Repair Library, Auto Parts, Accessories, Tools, Manuals & Books, Car BLOG, Links, IndexīRAKE CALIPERS by Larry Carley copyright 2019 īrake caliper problems include fluid leaks caused by worn piston seals, uneven braking (pulling to one side when the brakes are applied), which can be caused by a sticking caliper piston or the caliper hanging up on its slides/bushings, and dragging (usually due to a sticky piston that won't release the brake).
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